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    October 27

    户外新驴十大误区

    来源:绿野org

    最近接触不少新人,结合以前新人容易犯的一些毛病总结出下面这些特点。当然,我也不是多有见识,说得不对和不全面的地方欢迎大家指正。

    1.不敢进入户外圈,有种惧怕心理--没钱肯定玩不了户外,玩户外的都是有闲钱的。

      当然不对,户外不是有钱人的天下,有钱有有钱的玩法,没钱有没钱的玩法,只要给自己一个合理的定位,别互相攀比,同样可以玩的开心,玩出水平来。

    2.有的新人有个不好的毛病,就是不爱动脑子,缺乏自助的精神。

      其实户外讲究的是互助与自助,不是老驴不喜欢接受新人,而是人家总结了经验写成文章,摆在那你都不看,当然有些针对性的问题你可能需要去找一下,但大多只要你有心是不愁找不到的,这个网站没有还可以去别的网站上看嘛,翻页不行,就用搜索。真要是不好找的问题,只要你问,老驴们觉得是个好问题,也乐于回答。

      其实,我认为户外就像一门学科,要成为老驴,没有太多的捷径可走。真有兴趣的学生自己会主动查资料、做功课,下课了他也会自己琢磨难题,这样自然水平提高的就快。而那些只是听课堂上老师讲两句就满足的学生永远不会成为好学生。

    3.新人只能跟着老驴屁股后面走,没有领队就不能出行。

      要真是对户外特别有兴趣,完全可以自己找资料,级别高的登山咱自己不敢去,怕迷路,可腐败活动还不能自己去吗?只要有点自助旅行的经验就能找到景点,别跑太远,太偏的地方,安全都是有保障的。

    4.新人出发前急于购置装备,没装备就玩不了,出不去。

      当然不是,要是需要露营,可以租装备。实在没装备,还可以参加一日的活动,或者住老乡家,参加轻装的活动。这样有点经验以后,知道自己需要什么样的装备,可以按需购买,不盲目。

    5.新人买装备,总是这山望着那山高,总感觉自己的装备不好。装备发烧!

      当然,装备能够帮助我们克服困难,免受痛苦,但有了高档装备不是就万万都能了,没有装备也不是就万万不能。

      买装备关键是看你需不需要用,够用就行。比如,有人知道1500G的羽绒睡袋好,软和。可是仔细想过没有,你什么时候能用上,夏天能用吗,冬天即使去小五台也就那么一段时间用得上,而且你能去几次,要是没人组织你还不一定去得成。

      装备,我看现下很少有能一次到位的东西。往往一件装备的设计有它自己的定位,想什么类型的活动都用这一样达到完美的效果,不可能。比如说:鞋,分高山靴、登山鞋、徒步鞋、健行鞋、溯溪鞋等等,有人想买一双高档的登山鞋就解决所有活动的需要了,我说不是不可以,而是在有些地形(烂泥塘、过大河)你穿双解放鞋可能比“沟太死的防水登山鞋”会更方便,也更实惠,还不心疼。所谓物尽其用,就是这个道理。要是拿高山帐用做海滩露营或夏天快速登山,一是太重,二是通风不好,三是有的高山帐是单层的或者还防雪不防雨,高山帐太贵,用一次折旧也高。

    6.对老驴的认识有误区,通常看见装备特精良,特能神侃,去过的地方越多,体力超强,总是玩高难度的活动,就认为他是老驴,崇拜得不得了,发誓也要像他一样。

      首先,我们反对任何形式的个人崇拜,个人崇拜容易使人头脑发晕,无论是崇拜者还是被崇拜者都不会有好结果。

      其实每个人都有自己的长处,也有自己的弱点。没必要崇拜谁,非得向人家看齐,人家去过的地方你也一定要去一次,否则好像就不能成为老驴一样。如果那样你永远不能成为一头老驴,只能是跟在人家身后的小狗,没有了自己的个性和特点。

      我认为,真正的老驴首先是品德优秀,比如说:乐于助人,总是热情的欢迎新朋友,淡薄名利,不骄傲,不做作,小事不计较,大事有主张。知道量力而行。有大将风度,包容与自己观念不同的人和事。

      其次,才是户外活动的经验多少(不能是纸上谈兵),对户外理念的认知程度等等。

      总之,要想成为老驴,首先要有对户外高度和持久的热情,其次是勤于动脑,不断地学习和实践。

    7.关于腐败与自虐。

      腐败一般是说吃好喝好,舒舒服服,享受型的活动。自虐一般就是自己要求活动强度大,危险性高,活动完了身体非常疲劳,但往往能从中体会到一种发泄后的快感,当然风景往往也是一般体力的人看不到的美。

      有人认为只有自虐才是真正的户外,腐败没意思,看不起总是腐败的那些人,他们也不会是老驴。

      这种看法显然有偏颇。户外运动的涵盖很广,我认为只要是在户外从事运动就都是户外运动,其形式多种多样,没有高低贵贱之分。参加什么样的活动是个人根据自己的实际情况进行适当选择的结果,只有适合的,没有最好的。

    8.户外,有种很重要的理念就是“朴素”。

      现在,中学生守则都改了,不提倡艰苦奋斗了,但朴素还是要提倡的,到任何时候都反对铺张浪费。

      往往,新人省钱的观念都挺强,但是不是越省越好呢。有时我们大谈逃票技巧,并引以为荣,我们讲划价的经验,我们公开某某商家的成本,我们买货就找源头,什么都想团购。这样好不好,我觉得不都是好事。我们提倡的是节约,反对乱收费,反对商家牟取暴利,这没错,但不要矫枉过正。希望以后组织活动的领队考虑一下,如果逃票了,在景区内发生危险而管理部门不能负责,本来门票上有保险赔偿,可因为逃票就没有了保险。还有,对一些依赖门票来维持该地方管理人员工资生活的门票,逃了之后会不会造成那个地区今后缺乏管理,从而可能对环保工作等方面造成不利。

      “节省”在很多方面都有体现,我们不容易分清具体那件事好,那件事坏,但希望大家都用长远的眼光考虑以后,再决定怎样去做。

    9.新人加入小团体。加入小团体,有好处,但要避免一些问题。

      比如,小团体自然带有排斥性,这可能让你和其他活动,其他朋友远离。注重小团体利益,而忽视户外圈整体利益。我没参加过小团体,其实曾经也想参加(有组织关怀多好)。瞎说的两点,算是防微杜渐吧,反正参加小团体,有了“党派”要谨慎,哈哈。

    10.新人总是依赖领队的作用,对领队的角色认识不清。

      领队是总体协调人,就像是总经理,班主任,他是掌握大方向的人。领队不必须是某个方面的专家,不等同于向导、背夫、会计或者策划、收队等角色,但他可以同时兼任这些角色(领队是主要任务不可变)。

      弄清这些后,队员就不要对领队有太多的要求了,领队也不一定是体力最好的人,他一般在各方面都是中等偏上就行了。领队最重要的是要有突出的领导才能、号召力、判断力,关键时刻作出决策。

      当然领队要是没设置其他专职人员做向导、收队这类事情,出了事你还得找他。

      户外活动的组队往往是AA制,那么不但是活动费用上的AA,同样责任也应AA。比如,队员有义务管理好垃圾,注意环保,有能力的队员帮助能力差的队员,主动向领队申请担任某种任务,分担领队的压力。遇到困难时,不慌张,听从领队的安排,并适时提出合理化建议。

      新人参加AA的活动多了,容易产生一种心理,认为这种既省钱又不用自己操心的活动很好,领队就应该是为队员服务的。这样的话,队员总也不动脑子,不但提高不了,而且如果哪次领队有一点疏忽就把责任全推到领队身上,要知道领队也是普通人,他不欠你什么,你的行为终归是你自己选择的结果。

     

    光圈和快门的故事

    光圈是一组制作在镜头里面可以活动的叶片,藉由控制光圈的大小,就可以控制光线在一定时间内,进入相机内光量的多与少。光圈是一个系数,是没有单位的。
          计算方法是:光圈f值=镜头的焦距/镜头口径的直径。
          按照135单反相机的习惯,标准的光圈值应该是 F1.0、F1.4、F2.0、F2.8、F4、F5.6、F8、F11、F16、F22、F32、F45、F64。其中F1.0是最大光圈,而F64就是最小的光圈了。数字越大,光圈就越小,反之则越大。光圈越大的镜头,镜片的口径就越大,这样制作的成本和难度都会成倍的提高。每级光圈之间,每小一档就表示光圈的进光量刚好少一半,比如说F4的进光量就是F2.8的一半。
          通常表示光圈的办法是在相对光圈前面加入[f/],比如f/1.4、f/2、f/2.8等,也有用1:2来表示f/2的。通常镜头标记上用类似1:2的方式更多些。
          由于光圈控制镜头进光量的作用,在暗弱的光线下拍摄,需要使用大光圈镜头,一获得更多的光量;而在明亮的场合,则使用小光圈不至于曝光过度。总之,可以通过光圈的调节,达到准确曝光的目的。光圈的作用除了控制进光量外,另外一个很重要的作用是控制拍摄画面的景深。景深随镜头的焦距、光圈值、拍摄距离而变化。对于固定焦距和拍摄距离,使用光圈越小,景深越大。由于光学原理和制造成本的限制,摄影镜头在全开光圈时的像质并不是最佳的,通常在收缩光圈后,像质有明显的改善。每个摄影镜头都有一个或者多个最佳光圈,在这些最佳光圈下,画面的质量达到最好,分辨率高、反差均衡等。不同的镜头,最佳光圈的位置也不尽相同。一般而言:最佳光圈出现在最大光圈收缩2档或者3档的位置。比如最大光圈为f/2.8的镜头,最佳光圈为f/5.6或者f/8。
    由于数码相机的焦距比传统相机的焦距短很多,使镜头的口径开度小,故很难产生较窄的景深。这个也就是老是有人会说为什么自己拍人像会没有背景虚化的效果了。
          目前的数码相机机快门仅有电子快门和机械快门。首先说说电子快门和机械快门的区别。两者不同之处在于它们控制快门的原理不同,如电子快门,是用电路控制快门线圈磁铁的原理来控制快门时间的,齿轮与连动零件大多为塑料材质;机械快门控制快门的原理是,齿轮带动控制时间,连动与齿轮为铜与铁的材质居多。
    快门以「秒」作为单位,它有一定的数字格式,一般在像机上我们可以见到的快门单位有:B、1、2、4、8、15、30、60、125、250、500、1000、2000、4000、8000
    上面每一个数字单位都是分母,也就是说每一段快门分别是:1秒、1/2秒、1/4秒、1/8秒、1/1秒、1/30秒、1/60秒、1/125秒、1/250秒(以下依此列推)等等。一般中阶的单反相机快门做到1/4000秒,高阶的专业相机则可以到1/8000秒。
         B指的是慢快门Bulb,B快门的开关时间由操作者自行控制,我们可以藉由快门按钮或是快门线,来决定整个曝光的时间。
         我们可以注意到每一个快门之间数值的差距都是两倍,例如1/30是1/60的两倍、1/1000是1/2000的两倍,这个跟光圈值的级数差距计算都是一样的。与光圈相同,每一段快门之间的差距也被之为一级或是一档。
         光圈级数跟快门级数的进光量其实是相同的,也就是说光圈之间相差一级的进光量,其实就等于快门之间相差一级的进光量,这个观念在计算曝光时很重要, 
         前面提到光圈决定了景深,快门则是决定了被摄物的「时间」。当我们拍摄一个快速移动的物体时,通常需要比较高速的快门,才可以抓到凝结的画面,所以我们在拍动态的画面时,通常都要考虑可以使用的快门速度。
         有时我们要抓取的画面可能需要连续性的感觉,像是拍摄像是丝缎般的瀑布或是小河时,就必须要用到速度比较慢的快门,延长曝光的时间来抓取画面的连续动作。
    从按下快门释放按钮到开始曝光的这段时间称为快门时滞时间,目前数码相机的快门时滞普遍比较长,所以我们在按快门的时候更要掌握好提前量。这方面单反相机就完全不同了。
          在每一次拍摄时,光圈的大小控制了光线的进入量、快门的速度决定光线进入的时间长短,这样一次的动作便完成了我们所谓的「曝光」。
          光圈和快门的关系,打个简单的比方。在水龙头下放个杯子,假定这个杯子装满水就是一张曝光准确的照片,那么这个水龙头的出水量的大小就可以理解为光圈,而一杯水满的时间就可以理解为快门了。把出水量弄大,那么这个杯子水满的就快。把出水弄得一滴一滴的时候,水满的时间就会很慢。所以,当你用大光圈拍摄时,快门速度就可以很快,而用小光圈拍时,快门速度可就得慢很多了。
          假如你用大光圈拍摄,又把快门时间弄的比较慢,那么就等于是这杯水已经溢出来了。当然这张照片就是曝光过度了。同样,本来光圈又小,又把快门弄得很快,这杯水就会装不满,照片就会欠曝。
          很多内容是网站摘抄的,希望大家都能够理解好光圈和快门的关系。
    October 26

    雅思口语经典问题170句

    法门:凡经自己思考后的答案,必然吸引考官注意!若没有思路,证明平日缺乏生活累积,或吃喝玩乐,没有压力,或生活工作均无目的,于是言之无物,缺乏激情。相比之下,句型和语法,倒在其次了。

    1. What"s your name?

    2. Does your name have any special meaning?

    3. Where were you come from?

    4. What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?

    5. What is the main crop in your hometown?

    6. What is the difference between Beijing and your hometown?

    7. What are the main places of interest in your hometown?

    8. What is the climate like in your hometown?

    9. What is the character of the people like in the region where you live?

    10. What are the differences in accent between the people of your hometown and Beijing?

    11. What is people"s favorite food in your region?

    12. How do you make dumplings?

    13. What do you do during the Spring Festival?

    14. Why is the Spring Festival so important to Chinese people?

    15. Can you describe one of the main festivals celebrated in your country?

    16. Tell me something about the Lantern Festival.

    17. Tell me something about the Qing Ming Festival.

    18. Tell me something about the customs of your country.

    19. How long have you lived in Beijing?

    20. What is the weather like in Beijing?

    21. How do you compare the climate in Beijing with that in your hometown?

    22. What place in Beijing do you like best? Why ?

    23. Which is the worst place you"ve been to China?

    24. Which is the best place you"ve been to China?

    25. What places in Beijing should a foreigner visit? Why?

    26. What are the major social problems in Beijing? How can they be solved?

    27. What is the biggest problem China faces?

    28. What places in Beijing should a foreigner visit? Why?

    29. Could you tell me something about your family?

    30. Have you any children?

    31. What is your child"s name? Does his name have a meaning?

    32. What does your wife/husband do?

    33. When did you get married?

    34. Describe your wedding.

    35. How have weddings changed in recent years?

    36. Are there any special customs about wedding in your region?

    37. Describe a traditional wedding ceremony.

    38. Where did you go for your honeymoon?

    39. Did you have to ask for permission from your parents before you got married?

    40. Is it acceptable for couples to live together without marrying?

    41. Where do you think a newly couple should live? Living with their parents or on their own?

    42. What responsibilities should a couple take?

    43. How do Chinese usually celebrate birthdays?

    44. Are there any traditions concerning the birth of a baby?

    45. What kind of parent do you intend to be?

    46. What do you think of One-Child Policy in China?

    47. Why do people in China traditionally want to have a son?

    48. What difficulties do Chinese farmers have concerning their old age?

    49. What do you think needs to be done in order to relieve the farmer"s worries?

    50. What hope or fears do you have for your children?

    51. What sort of culture do you hope your child will grow up in?

    52. Are you going to bring up your child differently from the way you were brought up? How?

    53. Do you enjoy shopping?

    54. Who does most of the shopping in your family?

    55. What are you good at cooking? What is your favorite dish?

    56. Who does most of cooking in your family?

    57. Is there sex discrimination in China?

    58. How do you sum up women"s conditions in China?

    59. What are the causes of sex discrimination?

    60. Should government pay certain salaries to those housewives? Why or why not?

    61. Would you want your wife to continue with her career or to stay at home taking care of the household after you get married?

    62. Have you ever wished to be one of the opposite sex? Why (why not)?

    63. What would you do if your next-door neighbour were noisy nearly all the time?

    64. Do you have a lot of friend?

    65. What does friendship mean to you? What kind of people do you make friend with?

    66. What is your major?

    67. How do you like your major?

    68. When and where did you graduate? What qualifications have you obtained?

    69. Do you still remember your school days?

    70. What impressed you most when you were at university?

    71. Which is the best university in your country?

    72. Could you sum up your own study habits in a few points?

    73. What do you think of the practice of setting up key schools in primary and secondary school education in China?

    74. Do you think the subjects you are studying today are relevant to present-day society? Why ?

    75. What do you think education should be? Should it be a process of learning what is useful for your future life or should it be simply learning for enjoyment? Why?

    76. What do you do for a living?

    77. What do you do in the office every day?

    78. Since your job seems too professional to me, could you explain it in detail?

    79. What are your job prospects?

    80. If you had the opportunity to change your job, what would you do with it?

    81. Do you have any ambitious?

    82. Will any possible future changes affect your job in any way?

    83. What are your spare time interests?

    84. How do you spend your weekends?

    85. What is your favorite sport? What are the rules?

    86. What is the most popular sport in your country?

    87. What are the sporting facilities like in your university/Beijing?

    88. What do you know about Qigong? Do you believe in Qigong?

    89. What do you do in your spare time?

    90. Do you often read newspapers? If not, why ones do you read?

    91. What do you think of computer?

    92. Do you think computer has changed our life so much?

    93. Do you often go to the cinema/theatre?

    94. What kind of films do you like best?

    95. Do you often watch TV? What is your favorite program?

    96. Do you think watching TV too much is a waste of time?

    97. What kind of music do you enjoy?

    98. Who is your favorite film star? Will you describe him/her to me?

    99. Do you enjoy travelling?

    100. Where have you been travelling to? Which place interested you most?

    101. Do you smoking?

    102. Do you think smoking is a problem that needs special attention and has to be solved? If so, why?

    103. What do you know about ABC?

    104. What problem do you think you will have in ABC?

    105. How will you overcome the difficulties?

    106. Do you think you will be able to cope with English-demands of your intended study program in ABC?

    107. What difficulties do you think you’ll encounter in your studies in ABC?

    108. Can you imagine what life in Britain/Canada/Australia/London, etc. would be like?

    109. How will you fare in Britain/Canada/Australia, etc. without your family?

    110. What do you intend to study?

    111. Which university are you going to study at?

    112. Why did you choose this university?

    113. Where are you going to study in ABC?

    114. What are you plans in ABC?

    115. What is your research proposal all about?

    116. What do you hope for most from your study abroad?

    117. Will your study abroad help your job prospects after come back to China?

    118. Should you study more theory or do more practice? Give your reasons, please.

    119. What kind of differences in the cultures are you expecting between China and the ABC?

    120. How will your study in Britain benefit your work in China when you come back to China?

    121. What do you intend to do after you finish studying?

    122. What will be your main problem when you are study in a foreign country?

    123. What problem can you foresee in the future when you come back to China?

    124. Will there be any adjustment problems in your life when you come back to China? If so, what are they?

    125. Will you have to make any changes in your work/life when you come back to China?

    126. Do you think there will be a gap between your knowledge gained in China and the level of knowledge you are going to encounter on arrival? If so, what will it be?

    127. What do you think of the future of China keeps an open policy?

    128. What do you regard as the most significant events in your country’s recent history?

    129. Are there any special places you want to see in Canada? What are they?

    130. What do you especially want to do in Canada?

    131. How do you like your life in ABC University?

    132. What do you think of the training in the university?

    133. In what way do you think university training is helpful or falls short?

    134. What aspect of English do you find the most difficult?

    135. Do you find American English easier to understand than Britain English?

    136. What sports are played in your country?

    137. Could you describe the traditional architecture of your country?

    138. What role dose religion play in everyday life in your country?

    139. What would you regard as the most significant events in your country"s recent history?

    140. How aware do you think people are nowadays about environmental issues?

    141. Could you tell me why you chose to study at the university of ABC?

    142. What role dose tourism play in your country"s economy?

    143. How serious is unemployment in your country?

    144. In your opinion, what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?

    145. What do you think have been the most important changes in your field over the past 5 years?

    146. What are you going to major in ?

    147. Are you going to do your own cooking when you are at university?

    148. Some local students feel that overseas students get preferential treatment. What is your opinion?

    149. Do you think you will be able to cope with the English-language demands of your intended program?

    150. What do you think are the main causes of road accidents?

    151. Do you think the government is doing enough to prevent road accidents?

    152. As there are more and more private cars, what do you think the government should do in order to encourage citizens to use public transport?

    153. How do you see yourself in ten years" time?

    154. Have you ever thought to have your own business?

    155. What business do you hope to have?

    156. Do you know about any policies about opening a business abroad?

    157. What are your plans for your future?

    158. Why do you think there are more and more people leaving to immigrate to other countries?

    159. Is it good for China that so many people are going to other countries?

    160. Will your life change a lot after you immigrate to ABC?

    161. What will you do if you are ill abroad?

    162. Do you know what to do in case of emergency?

    163. What will do if you cannot find a job in ABC?

    164. Why do you want to immigrate to ABC?

    165. What will you do after the IELTS test?

    166. What will do if you fail the IELTS test?

    167. What"s your dream job?

    168. How long have you been learning English?

    169. What troubles you most at the moment?

    170. Does your family support your decision on going ABC? What help do they offer?

    拍摄技巧:如何利用数码玩转景深效果(转)

    数码之家 2006-10-15 
    现在的数码相机不少已配备手动功能,如果买了又要懂操作,只用全自动拍摄的话,其实是白白地浪费了金钱买这些功能。为了让大家用尽手上DC的手动功能拍摄出动人一刻,我们将会以深入浅出的方法,教大家一些基本的摄影理论,再加上实战效果,保证有得学有得玩。今期先由较入门的景深效果说起,去片!
    按此在新窗口浏览图片
    何为景深

    相信不少女孩子都试过找人到公园拍一些所谓「沙龙」照,只她们看到自己在照片中十分Sharp,而背景又朦朦胧胧,再加上柔照、E冲C等花巧效果,便会觉得摄影师非常专业。其实“人物清背景朦”这个效果只不过是运用了相机景深原理罢了,究竟甚么叫景深呢?

    大家都知道一般相机要对焦后才能拍摄,理论上相片中只有被准确对焦的部分(焦点)清晰,焦点前及焦点后的景物会因在焦点以外而显得模糊。不过,基于镜头、拍摄距离等因素,在焦点前、后仍然会有一段距离的景物能够被清晰显示,不致于落入模糊地带,这个清晰的范围便称为景深。


    按此在新窗口浏览图片

    按此在新窗口浏览图片
    上图浅景深的照片,只有焦点部分才会清晰显示,景深外的地方显得十分模糊。下图深景深(或称长景深)的照片,所有景物都显得十分清晰。

     
    控制景深三大方法

    方法一:光圈大小

    基于物理上的规则,大光圈(小F值)拍摄的照片会有较浅的景深,小光圈(大F值)拍摄的照片会有较深的景深。例如以f/2.8光圈拍摄的照片,景深便一定比以f/8拍摄出来的浅。如果大家的DC有光圈先决或手动曝光功能的话,只要控制光圈的大小便可控制景深。

    市面上的DC,光圈一般都能够比传统相机大,例如Olympus Camedia C-4040Z 的镜头便拥有f/1.8之大光圈,而f/2.0较为普遍,好像Casio QV-4000、Canon PowerShot G2、Sony CyberShot DSC-S85 等。选购数码相机时,镜头的最大光圈是其中一个重要的考虑因素,因为光圈可以随意收细,不过最大光圈值却是由镜头先天决定,所以大光圈镜头的拍摄弹性永远比小光圈的大。左图几乎所有DC的镜头前都刻有其最大光圈值。右图Olympus Camedia C-4040Z 拥有大至 f/1.8 之光圈。


    按此在新窗口浏览图片

    按此在新窗口浏览图片
     
    方法二:焦距长短

    成日见到拍少女照片的师傅,带着尺多长的镜头拍摄,知不知道为甚么呢?原来长焦距的镜头较为容易拍出浅景深效果,女孩子一般都十分喜欢。焦距愈长,景深愈浅;反之,焦镜愈短,景深愈深。现在的DC通常都配备广角至中、长焦距的变焦镜头(即是 Zoom镜),只要 Zoom 一 Zoom 便可轻易控制景深,效果一般也较明显。



    按此在新窗口浏览图片
    镜头前显示的数字是实际焦距,由于各 DC 的 CCD 大小各有不同,所以各数码相机都会说明镜头的拍摄效果相当于 135 菲林相机的何种焦距,这称为等效焦距

    市面上的DC镜头一般有三倍光学变焦,焦距最远可达85至105mm,某些特殊型号的光学变焦更达八至十倍,浅景深效果较为容易获得。不过,由于DC的感光芯片CCD大小各有不同,就算在相同焦距下的景深都有所分别,这点日后再深入讨论。

    浅景深经典应用实例-人像照

    浅景深的效果最常用于将主体从杂乱的背景中抽出,所以用来拍摄人像会较为容易,因为拍摄者只需留抓拍主角的表情、动作,不用太费神于处理背景。不过市面一般的三倍光学变焦 DC 的景深都不够浅,起码要有八至十倍光学变焦的才用得上这个人像拍摄技巧。



    按此在新窗口浏览图片

    使用 Casio QV-2900UX Zoom 至 320mm 拍摄,浅景深效果十分明显。 

    深景深经典应用实例-风景照

    拍摄气势宏伟的风景、建筑物照片时,很多时都会要求照片每一处都清晰,深景深是必要的。拍摄时,将镜头焦距 Zoom 至最短,光圈调较至最细(DC 通常为 f/8),再用低一点的拍摄角度,效果一般都不会太差。留意现时的 DC 最短焦距一般为 35mm,只有少数 DC 如 Nikon CoolPix 5000、Kodak DSC 4800 等焦距可以去到 28mm。


    按此在新窗口浏览图片
    用最广角的焦距拍摄风景,加上景物距离相机十分之远,几乎察觉不到照片有任何一处地方是焦点以外。
    方法三:拍摄距离

    DC最厉害的地方,是最近对焦距离超短。普通传统镜头有20至30cm最近对焦距离已算不俗,但DC的最近对焦距离是0cm,如佳能S3 IS、S2 IS等都是该纪录保持者。拍摄距离愈近,景深便会愈浅,所以近摄或微距照片的景深可能只有对焦点附近的一、两微米,远一点的景物已经非常模糊了。



    按此在新窗口浏览图片

    以最近对焦距离拍摄,浅景深效果十分特别
    October 13

    To be with you(From Mr.Big)

     

    To Be With You

    • Hold on little girl
      Show me what he's doone to you
      Stand up little girl
      A broken heart can't be that bad
      When it's through, it's through
      Fate will twist the both of you
      So come on baby come on over
      Let me be the one to show you

      I'm the one who wants to be with you
      Deep inside I hope you feel it too
      Waited on a line of greens and blues
      Just to be the next to be with you

      Build up your confidence
      So you can be on top for once
      wake up who cares about
      Little boys that talk too much
      I seen it all go down
      Your game of love was all rained out
      So come on baby, come on over
      Let me be the one to hold you

      I'm the one who wants to be with you
      Deep inside I hope you feel it too
      Waited on a line of greens and blues
      Just to be the next to be with you

      Why be alone when we can be together baby
      You can make my life worthwhile
      And I can make you start to smile

      When it's through, it's through
      Fate will twist the both of you
      So come on baby come on over
      Let me be the one to show you

      I'm the one who wants to be with you
      Deep inside I hope you feel it too
      Waited on a line of greens and blues
      Just to be the next to be with you